Sewage-fed aquaculture is an innovative technique for utilising nutrient-rich sewage water for sustainable fish farming. In this article, the advantages, disadvantages and opportunities associated with nutrient recycling, present problem of reduced supply of waste water in the East Kolkata Wetlands and providing affordable protein for low-income communities are discussed. Despite the beneficial effects on livelihoods and natural wastewater treatment, this practice is severely affected by serious issues, including health risks of the fishes caused by pathogens, degradation of the environment and an unreliable policy framework. This article also explores new opportunities that involve developments in technology to treat wastewater, techniques of bioremediation, as well as the application of aquaculture within the circular economy framework. This can be accomplished through innovation, effective policymaking and enhanced monitoring. In this regard, the sewage-fed aquaculture system can emerge as a sustainable model for aquaculture around the world.
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East Kolkata wetlands, Environmental conservation, Environmental risk, Food security, Sewage-fed aquaculture
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